What technology allows for multiple temperature-controlled areas within a structure?

HVAC zoning is the technology that enables the creation of multiple temperature-controlled areas within a structure. This system utilizes dampers and multiple thermostats in different zones to independently manage temperature levels according to the specific comfort needs of each area.

By segmenting a building into zones, HVAC zoning allows for tailored heating and cooling. For instance, rooms that receive more sunlight may require less heating compared to north-facing areas, which may need additional warmth. This not only enhances overall comfort but also improves energy efficiency, as areas can be heated or cooled only when necessary rather than conditioning the entire building as a single unit.

The other options, while related to heating and cooling, do not provide the same level of control. Thermostat control is involved in managing temperature but does not inherently create zones. Central heating refers to a system for distributing heat but typically treats a building as one unit rather than allowing for varied temperature settings. Air filtration, on the other hand, focuses on improving air quality and does not directly relate to temperature control.